Sicil, 2020/I Sayi 43: Sayfa 53-76
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Serdar ÖZBEK
Ankara Sosyal Bilimler Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Medenî Usûl, Icra ve Iflâs Hukuku Anabilim Dali
Dr. Ögr. Üyesi Emre ERTAN
Marmara Üniversitesi Iktisat Fakültesi Çalisma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri Iliskileri Bölümü Is Hukuku ve Sosyal Güvenlik
Hukuku Anabilim Dali
Geçerli neden olmadan is sözlesmesi feshedilen isçi, is iade davasi açmak ve ilgili haklarini hükme baglatmak hakkina sahiptir. Ise iade ilâmi, yeni bir is sözlesmesi kurulmasiyla ayni hukukî sonuçlari dogurur. Isçi davayi kazanirsa ise iade ilâmindaki fer’ilerin ilâm borçlusu tarafindan yerine getirilmesi için icra dairesine basvurabilir. Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’na göre istinaf yoluna basvurma, kararin icrasini durdurmaz. Icra ve Iflas Kanunu’nun icranin geri birakilmasiyla ilgili 36. maddesi hükmü saklidir (HMK m. 350/1). Kisiler hukuku, aile hukuku ve tasinmaz mal ile ilgili ayni haklara iliskin kararlar kesinlesmedikçe yerine getirilemez (HMK m. 350/2). Ise iade ilâmlari da hemen icra edilemez ve seklî anlamda kesin hüküm hâline gelmeden icraya konulmaz (Is Kanunu m. 21/6). Isçinin ise iadesine hükmedilir fakat ilâmin kosullari ilâm borçlusu tarafindan tam olarak yerine getirilmezse, isçi icra dairesine basvurmali ve icra emri teblig ettirmelidir. Ise iade ilâmi kendiliginden kabili icra oldugundan cebrî icraya muhtaç degildir. Buna karsilik ise iade ilâmindaki yargilama giderleriyle avukatlik ücretinin ilâmli icraya konulmasi gerekir. Ise iade ilâmi derhal icra edilebilir olmadiginda, ilâm alacaklisi ilâmin seklî anlamda kesinlik kazanmasina kadar beklemelidir.
İşe iade ilâmı, kesin hüküm etkisi, yargılama giderleri, avukatlık ücreti.
If the employee is unfairly dismissed, he or she has the right to sue for reinstatement and also claim connected rights to obtain judicial order. The judgment granting the relief has the same legal effect as if a new labor contract is concluded. The employee who is unfairly dismissed can apply to labor court to obtain an order for his reinstatement. If the employee wins the lawsuit he or she can apply to enforcement offices in order to compel the judgment-obligee to the performance of the secondary issues in reinstatement judgment. According to the Code of Civil Procedure, application to appeal shall not stay the enforcement of the judgments. The provision in article 36 of the Code of Enforcement and Bankruptcy regarding stay of enforcement is reserved (CPC a. 350/1). Rulings regarding the law of persons, family law and property rights concerning real property shall not be enforced until they become unappealable (CPC a. 350/2). Also reinstatement judgments are not immediately enforceable and they shall not be enforced until they become res judicata effect (Labor Code a. 21/6). If an employee is ordered to be re-instated or re-engaged but the terms of the judgment are not fully complied with by the judgment-obligee then the employee must apply to enforcement offices and send an enforcement order. No enforcement is necessary for the reinstatement judgment because it is a self-executory judgment. However, the judicial costs and attorney fee which had been ordered in the reinstatement judgment are needed to be enforced. When the reinstatement judgment is not immediately enforceable, the judgment-creditor must wait until the judgment becomes formal res judicata.
Reinstatement judgment, res judicata effect, judicial costs, attorney fee.